Introduction：As the global energy landscape shifts toward renewable sources, the stability of our infrastructure relies heavily on advanced storage solutions.   The transition to green energy is no longer a niche conversation; it is a global mandate. Governments, corporations, and homeowners are installing solar panels and wind turbines at a record-breaking pace. However, as adoption rates climb, a significant logistical hurdle has emerged, threatening to stall the momentum of the renewable revolution: instability.Nature does not adhere to our 9-to-5 schedules. The sun doesn't shine at night when residential power use peaks, and the wind doesn't always blow when factories need it. This "intermittency" is the biggest obstacle preventing renewables from becoming our primary power source. When generation drops, the grid suffers; when it exceeds demand, energy is wasted through curtailment. To bridge this gap between unpredictable supply and consistent demand, we need a...